【中文摘要】 在R22替代工作进入实质性阶段、但国内外成熟替代物又尚不明朗之际,作者针对国内外R22替代物现状以及国际上对环保工质新的要求,曾于2009.10探索提出在家用/商用空调中使用R32替代R22的设想[1],这里进一步对为何关注R32、如何评价它的减排效果、机组最大充注量的限度如何、有否节能效益、能否为我国空调行业与氟化工行业的转轨形成"互利共赢"局面以及需要解决哪些关键技术等问题作了比较详细具体的再分析,并与现有或有望成为R22替代物R410A、R290、R161等进行了综合比较,认为R32是一种和谐兼顾减排、节能、安全、市场和替代物转轨等诸方面要求的、很有前景的替代R22的长期制冷剂。
【英文摘要】 Phase-out of R22 will start in China but the existing alternatives to R22 are unsuitable in some application.On the basis of the present status and requirements for new environment-friendly alternatives,we proposed using R32 to replace R22 in household/commercial air conditioning in 2009.In this paper,the analyses on some issues for R32 to replace R22 are performed including evaluation of the effect on carbon dioxide emissions,the maximum charge limitation in a unit,the energy saving,the feasibility for the refrigerant transform in the air-conditioning industry and the chemical engineering industry,and the key problems to solve in the application.The comparison between R32 and some alternatives to R22 such as R410A,R290,and R161 is discussed.The results show that R32 may be an attractive long term candidate to replace R22 considering the balance of carbon dioxide emissions,safety,energy saving,and availability.
【中文关键词】 工程热物理; 制冷剂; 空调; 制冷; R22; R32
【英文关键词】 Engineering thermophysics; Refrigerant; Air-conditioning; Refrigeration; R22; R32
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